Development of a complex model of heat supply of a house based on a heat pump in the Simulink environment

Abstract

The article presents a dynamic model of a house heat supply system based on a heat pump unit (HPU) developed in the MATLAB Simulink environment using Simscape blocks to model thermal processes. The relevance of the study is emphasized by the need to reduce fos-sil fuel consumption, which has increased the demand for energy-efficient technologies and systems based on renewable energy sources. Optimizing such systems is critical in the context of global efforts to improve building energy efficiency. The model considers the structural features of the house, including the materials of the enclosing structures and their thermal characteristics. The dynamics of external factors such as ambient temperature and solar activity are also taken into account. Hourly weather and climate data for the city of Kyiv, used in the model, allow for the study of the operating modes of the heat supply system, taking into account external factors affecting the thermal regime of the building. Special attention is paid to the interaction between the heat pump unit model and the heating system and house models. The heat pump unit model is implemented based on an LSTM neural network, significantly reducing the time required for simulating the operation mode of the heat pump. The model allows for the investigation of dynamic operating modes and comparative analysis of different types of control systems (PID controller, model predic-tive control, etc.). The research demonstrates that using such algorithms optimizes the operation of the heat pump unit, reducing energy consumption without compromising indoor comfort. Fur-thermore, model validation was carried out by comparing simulation results with quasi-steady-state calculations according to national standards, confirming its sufficient accuracy. The results of the study can be used for the further development of control systems for building heat supply using heat pumps and for the exploration of different energy manage-ment strategies, particularly in the context of improving energy efficiency.