CONSENSUS PROTOCOLS AND THEIR APPLICATION IN FREIGHT FLOW MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34185/1991-7848.itmm.2025.01.091Keywords:
blockchain, consensus protocol, smart contract, logistics, freight flow, security, transparency.Abstract
This paper presents a study of modern consensus protocols and their use in blockchain-based freight flow management. The technical aspects of implementing smart contracts in logistics processes are analyzed with a focus on data and transaction security. We show that a decentralized network, in which all participants must agree on updates to the ledger, ensures high data integrity and protection against unauthorized tampering. Examples of blockchain usage in logistics (cargo tracking, document automation) are provided, and the advantages of consensus algorithms in increasing transparency, trust among parties, and the resilience of freight systems are discussed. It is concluded that the application of consensus protocols is promising for building secure and efficient supply chain management systems.
References
Smart Contracts: Automation and Security in Freight Forwarding. Supply & Transport Logistics Blog, 15 October 2024. URL: https://supplyx.info/en/smart-contracts.
Alqarni, M.A., Alkatheiri, M.S., Chauhdary, S.H., Saleem, S. Use of Blockchain-Based Smart Contracts in Logistics and Supply Chains. Electronics 12(6), 1340 (2023). URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/12/6/1340
Dwivedi, S.K., Amin, R., Vollala, S. Blockchain based secured information sharing protocol in supply chain management system with key distribution mechanism. J. Inf. Security and Applications 54, 102554 (2020). DOI: 10.1016/j.jisa.2020.102554.
Chang, S.E., Chen, Y.-C., Lu, M.-F. Supply chain re-engineering using blockchain technology: a case of smart contract based tracking process. Technol. Forecast. Soc. Change 144, 1–11 (2019). DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2019.03.015.
Atzei, N., Bartoletti, M., Cimoli, T. A survey of attacks on Ethereum smart contracts (SoK). In Proc. International Conference on Principles of Security and Trust (POST), LNCS 10204, 164–186 (2017). DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-54455-6_8
Lopez, E. Business Decision of the Year: Maersk and IBM team up to form TradeLens. Supply Chain Dive, 3 Dec 2018. URL: https://www.supplychaindive.com/news/dive-award-2018-business-decision-ibm-maersk-blockchain/542162/.
