Аналіз способів та засобів для забезпечення безаварійності процесу заміни штангових свердловинних насосів

Анотація

In Ukraine, as in other countries of the world, the majority of oil wells are operated using a mechanical method of production, such as rod well pumping method, containing above-ground and underground equipment. For repair or replacement of underground equipment (down hole pump), it's being brought to the surface. In this case, the well may have oil-water gas inflow caused by the «piston» effect, for example. (Substitution of volume between the pump and the pump rods by fluid from the formation). This could lead to an open flowing well.
Many additional complex operations are used to perform safe well workover operations, such as well closure. It is also worth paying attention to the fact that disruptions in the process of well closure can lead both to a decrease in its productivity and to the complete cessation of its operation.
To prevent oil-water gas inflow various equipment and devices: Cameron ram-type blowout preventer, mergency washers with gate valves, downhole shutoffs, depth check valves. All this increases safety when replacing downhole equipment, but does not guarantee the avoidance of additional complications in the operation of this equipment: the possibility of controlled shutdown of the well, the recovery of oil production without performing downhole operations, etc.