ANALYSIS OF EQUIPMENT FOR OBTAINING A HIGH-STRENGTH HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOY WITH REDUCED DENSITY IN LABORATORY CONDITIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34185/1991-7848.2026.01.09Keywords:
heat-resistant alloys, nickel alloys, vacuum arc remelting, electron beam melting, vacuum induction meltingAbstract
The work presents a systematic analysis of modern electrothermal equipment used to obtain high-strength heat-resistant nickel-based alloys with reduced density in research laboratory conditions. The relevance of the study is due to the needs of the aviation and energy industries for materials capable of operating at high temperatures, cyclic loads and in aggressive environments while simultaneously reducing the mass characteristics of parts. A comparative assessment of electric arc furnaces, vacuum arc and electroslag remelting installations, vacuum induction and electron beam systems has been carried out from the standpoint of metal purity, chemical composition stability, the possibility of precise alloying and suitability for use in laboratory conditions. It has been established that laboratory arc furnaces are appropriate for the initial development of alloy compositions, while electron beam installations are effective for obtaining ultrapure materials, but have significant economic limitations. It is shown that vacuum induction melting provides an optimal balance between the depth of refining, the accuracy of the introduction of alloying elements, the homogeneity of the structure and energy efficiency. Criteria for selecting laboratory equipment for the synthesis of new generation heat-resistant alloys are formulated, taking into account technological and infrastructural limitations. The results obtained can be used in the creation of mobile laboratory complexes for the research and development of new heat-resistant materials.
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